Quantitative Aptitude

Profit & Loss — Practice MCQs for CCAT

20 Questions Section A: Fundamentals Quantitative Aptitude

Practice 20 Profit & Loss multiple-choice questions designed for CDAC CCAT exam preparation. Click "Show Answer" to reveal the correct option with detailed explanation.

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Q1.
A shopkeeper buys an article for ₹400 and sells it for ₹500. Find the profit percentage.
A20%
B25%
C30%
D15%
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: B — 25%

Profit = 500-400 = 100. Profit% = (100/400)×100 = 25%.

Q2.
An article is sold for ₹450 at a loss of 10%. Find the cost price.
A₹400
B₹480
C₹500
D₹550
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: C — ₹500

SP = CP(1 - Loss%). 450 = CP × 0.9. CP = 500.

Q3.
A man sold an article at a gain of 20%. If he had sold it for ₹60 more, he would have gained 30%. Find the cost price.
A₹500
B₹600
C₹400
D₹700
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: B — ₹600

10% of CP = 60. CP = 600.

Q4.
By selling 12 pencils, a shopkeeper gains the selling price of 3 pencils. His profit percentage is:
A20%
B25%
C33.33%
D40%
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: C — 33.33%

Gain = 3SP. Cost = 12SP - 3SP = 9SP. Profit% = (3/9)×100 = 33.33%.

Q5.
If the cost price is 80% of selling price, what is the profit percentage?
A20%
B25%
C30%
D15%
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: B — 25%

CP = 0.8SP. Profit = 0.2SP. Profit% = (0.2SP/0.8SP)×100 = 25%.

Q6.
An article is sold for ₹1200 at 20% profit. Find the cost price.
A₹900
B₹960
C₹1000
D₹1050
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: C — ₹1000

SP = CP × 1.2. CP = 1200/1.2 = 1000.

Q7.
A trader marks his goods 40% above cost price and gives 20% discount. His profit% is:
A12%
B15%
C18%
D20%
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: A — 12%

If CP=100, MP=140. SP=140×0.8=112. Profit=12%.

Q8.
On selling an article for ₹100, a man loses 20%. At what price should he sell to gain 10%?
A₹125
B₹137.50
C₹140
D₹150
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: B — ₹137.50

CP = 100/0.8 = 125. For 10% gain, SP = 125×1.1 = 137.50.

Q9.
A man bought 20 oranges for ₹100 and sold them at ₹6 each. His profit is:
A10%
B15%
C20%
D25%
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: C — 20%

CP = 100. SP = 20×6 = 120. Profit = 20. Profit% = 20%.

Q10.
If selling price is doubled, the profit triples. Find the profit percentage.
A50%
B75%
C100%
D66.67%
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: C — 100%

Let CP=C, SP=S, Profit=P=S-C. 2S-C=3P=3(S-C). S=2C. P=C. Profit%=100%.

Q11.
A dealer sold two machines at ₹1000 each. He made 20% profit on one and 20% loss on other. His overall result is:
ANo profit no loss
B4% profit
C4% loss
D2% loss
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: C — 4% loss

CP1 = 1000/1.2 = 833.33. CP2 = 1000/0.8 = 1250. Total CP = 2083.33. Total SP = 2000. Loss = 4%.

Q12.
A shopkeeper mixes 30 kg of rice @ ₹40/kg with 20 kg @ ₹50/kg. At what price should he sell to gain 10%?
A₹48.40/kg
B₹46.20/kg
C₹44/kg
D₹49.50/kg
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: A — ₹48.40/kg

Total cost = 30×40 + 20×50 = 1200+1000 = 2200. CP/kg = 2200/50 = 44. SP = 44×1.1 = 48.40.

Q13.
By selling 45 lemons, a vendor loses a sum equal to SP of 5 lemons. His loss% is:
A10%
B11.11%
C12.5%
D9.09%
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: B — 11.11%

Let SP of 1 lemon = 1. Total SP = 45. Loss = 5. CP = 50. Loss% = 5/45 × 100 = 11.11%.

Q14.
A man buys apples at 10 for ₹8 and sells at 8 for ₹10. His profit% is:
A25%
B36%
C56.25%
D50%
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: C — 56.25%

CP of 1 apple = 0.80. SP of 1 apple = 1.25. Profit = 0.45. Profit% = (0.45/0.80)×100 = 56.25%.

Q15.
A trader claims to sell at cost price but uses 900g weight instead of 1kg. His profit% is:
A10%
B11.11%
C12.5%
D15%
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: B — 11.11%

He sells 900g for price of 1000g. Profit = 100g on 900g. Profit% = (100/900)×100 = 11.11%.

Q16.
Marked price of an article is ₹500. After 10% discount and 20% tax, the final price is:
A₹540
B₹550
C₹560
D₹575
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: A — ₹540

After 10% discount = 500×0.9 = 450. After 20% tax = 450×1.2 = 540.

Q17.
A person sells 1/3 of his goods at 15% profit, 1/4 at 20% profit and rest at 24% profit. Overall profit% is:
A18%
B19%
C20%
D21%
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: B — 19%

Rest = 1 - 1/3 - 1/4 = 5/12. Profit = (1/3×15) + (1/4×20) + (5/12×24) = 5+5+10 = 20. But dividing by parts...

Q18.
Cost price of 15 articles is equal to selling price of 12 articles. Profit% is:
A20%
B25%
C30%
D33.33%
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: B — 25%

Let CP = 1. Then 15 = 12×SP. SP = 15/12 = 1.25. Profit = 25%.

Q19.
A loss of 5% was suffered by selling a watch for ₹1140. At what price should it be sold to gain 5%?
A₹1200
B₹1240
C₹1260
D₹1300
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: C — ₹1260

CP = 1140/0.95 = 1200. For 5% gain, SP = 1200×1.05 = 1260.

Q20.
An article was sold at 10% loss. Had it been sold for ₹90 more, there would have been 5% profit. Find CP.
A₹500
B₹600
C₹700
D₹800
Show Answer & Explanation

Correct Answer: B — ₹600

Let CP = x. 0.9x + 90 = 1.05x. 0.15x = 90. x = 600.

More Quantitative Aptitude Topics

Number System Percentages Ratio & Proportion Time & Work

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